Research Silicon

IBM NorthPole

A research chip with no separate memory at all. NorthPole claims 25 times the energy efficiency of a conventional design by refusing to move data, and IBM has already run a Granite model on it.

Vendor: IBM Research Availability: Research architecture. Not sold, not scheduled, and not on any published Power roadmap. Process node: 12 nm Operating environment: IBM Research laboratory hardware Deployment: Not commercially sold

Almost every computer ever built keeps its memory in one place and its brain in another, and spends enormous effort shuttling data between them. That trip is where most of the electricity goes. NorthPole's answer is blunt: stop taking the trip.

Picture a kitchen where the ingredients are already laid out at each station instead of stored in a walk-in fridge down the corridor. Nobody walks anywhere. The cooking is not faster because the chefs got quicker, it is faster because the walking disappeared. NorthPole has no off-chip memory. The memory is woven through the compute.

The published numbers

NorthPole against a conventional architecture, as published by IBM Research

Both bars are shown relative to a conventional design set at 1.

Energy efficiency25x
Space efficiency5x
Conventional baseline1x

Laboratory figures from IBM Research, not a benchmark of any shipping product.

In one demonstration the chip handled dense, high-resolution video and picked out multiple classes of object while drawing roughly 5 watts. That is less than a phone charger. In September 2024 IBM presented results at the IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing conference showing NorthPole running a 3 billion parameter Granite language model.

What it means for a Power buyer today

Nothing you can order. That is the honest answer and it should stay the honest answer until IBM says otherwise. What NorthPole tells you is the direction of travel, and the direction is efficiency rather than raw size. The Spyre card already reflects it: more than 300 TOPS inside a 75 watt envelope is a low-power design, not a brute-force one.

NorthPole has no announced product, no price, and no place on a Power roadmap. Do not let a vendor use it in a proposal. If you need AI acceleration on Power this year, the Spyre Accelerator and on-chip Matrix Math Acceleration are the two real options.