Research Silicon

IBM NanoStack 0.7 nm Transistor

IBM says it has built the first transistor smaller than one nanometre, stacking them in three dimensions to fit nearly 100 billion onto a fingernail. It is the answer to a question every AI buyer keeps asking: does this keep getting cheaper?

Vendor: IBM Research Availability: Research result announced June 25, 2026. IBM says production is possible as early as the next five years. Process node: 0.7 nm, also written as the 7 angstrom node Operating environment: Albany NanoTech Complex, New York Deployment: Not commercially sold

On June 25, 2026 IBM announced that it had built a working transistor at 0.7 nanometres, which the industry also writes as the 7 angstrom node. It is the first time anyone has published a transistor below one nanometre.

The trick has a name: NanoStack. Instead of laying transistors out side by side on a flat surface and trying to make each one smaller, IBM stacks them vertically and staggers them, the way a car park adds floors instead of buying more land. Each stacked layer can even use different materials, so one layer can be tuned for speed and another for low power.

The numbers against the 2 nm chip

NanoStack 0.7 nm compared with IBM's 2 nm node

Every bar is a gain over IBM's 2 nm node, measured the same way. Performance and efficiency are alternatives, not a combined total.

Transistor density+100%
Energy efficiencyup to +70%
Performanceup to +50%

Source: IBM newsroom, June 25, 2026. Research results, not a shipping product.

Why a Power buyer should keep half an eye on it

The Spyre Accelerator is built on a 5 nanometre process. The NanoStack work is three full generations beyond that. Nothing about it changes what you can buy this year, but it is a direct answer to the fear that AI hardware costs and power bills only ever go up.

The work happens at the Albany NanoTech Complex in New York, with Lam Research, Tokyo Electron, SCREEN Semiconductor Solutions, and ASML named as partners. IBM says production is possible as early as the next five years, which in semiconductor language means do not plan around it.

This is a laboratory result with a five-year horizon, announced by IBM and not yet independently manufactured at volume. It belongs in a strategy conversation, never in a purchase order.